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general description the max5436?ax5439 are 128-tap high-voltage (?v to ?5v) digital potentiometers in packages that are half the size of comparable devices in 8-pin so. they perform the same function as mechanical potentiometers, but replace the mechanics with a simple digital interface. the digital logic is powered by a separate single +2.7v to +5.25v supply voltage (v cc ). the resistor string uses its own analog supplies (v dd and v ss ) that require v dd - v ss to be greater than 9v and less than 31.5v. this allows for greater flexibility in voltage ranges that can be used with these devices. examples of analog supply ranges include not only dual voltages of ?v to ?5v, but single-supply voltages, such as +10v, +15v, +30v, -30v, and more, as long as the ranges of v dd - v ss and v cc - v ss are met. the max5437/max5439 include an on-chip, high- voltage, uncommitted amplifier, providing additional reductions in board space and cost. other features include low 35ppm/? end-to-end and 5ppm/? ratio- metric resistor temperature coefficients, a 3-wire spi/ qspi/microwire-compatible serial interface, and a power-on reset to midscale. the max5436/MAX5438 are available in 10-pin ?ax packages. the max5437/max5439 are available in 14- pin tssop package. each device is guaranteed over the extended temperature range of -40? to +85?. applications lcd screen contrast adjustment data-acquisition systems mechanical potentiometer replacement low-drift programmable gain amplifier audio volume control features +10v to +30v single-supply operation -28v to -10v single negative supply operation ?v to ?5v dual-supply operation 128 tap positions uncommitted high-voltage amplifier (max5437/max5439) low temperature coefficient 35ppm/? (end-to-end) 5ppm/? (ratiometric) small-footprint packages 10-pin ?ax (max5436/MAX5438) 14-pin tssop (max5437/max5439) glitchless switching between the resistor taps 3-wire spi/qspi/microwire-compatible serial interface 50k ? /100k ? end-to-end resistances power-on reset: wiper goes to midscale (position 64) max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 1 2 3 4 5 10 9 8 7 6 v cc l w h max5436/ MAX5438 max top view v dd 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 max5437/ max5439 tssop gnd cs din sclk v ss v cc l w h shdn cs din sclk v dd in+ in- out v ss gnd pin configurations ordering information 19-2657; rev 1; 9/03 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. part temp range pin- package resistance (k ? ) max5436 eub -40 c to +85 c 10 max 50 max5437 eud -40 c to +85 c 14 tssop 50 MAX5438 eub -40 c to +85 c 10 max 100 max5439 eud -40 c to +85 c 14 tssop 100 spi/qspi are trademarks of motorola, inc. microwire is a trademark of national semiconductor corp.
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. v dd to gnd, v ss = gnd........................................-0.3v to +34v v ss to gnd, v dd = gnd........................................-34v to +0.3v v dd to v ss ..............................................................-0.3v to +34v v dd to v cc ........................................................-6.3v to +28.75v v cc to v ss ..............................................................-0.3v to +34v v cc to gnd ..............................................................-0.3v to +6v din, sclk, cs , shdn ...............................-0.3v to (v cc + 0.3v) h, l, w, in+, in-, out .....................(v ss - 0.3v) to (v dd + 0.3v) maximum continuous current into h, l, and w max5436 max5439.......................................................1ma continuous power dissipation (t a = +70 c) 10-pin max (derate 6.94mw/ c above +70 c) .........556mw 14-pin tssop (derate 9.1mw/ c above +70 c) .........727mw operating temperature range ...........................-40 c to +85 c junction temperature ......................................................+150 c storage temperature range .............................-65 c to +150 c lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300 c electrical characteristics (v dd = +15v, v ss = -15v, v cc = +5v, v h = v dd , v l = v ss , t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units dc performance (voltage-divider mode) resolution 2 n 128 taps integral nonlinearity inl (note 1) 1 lsb differential nonlinearity dnl (note 1) 1 lsb end-to-end resistor tempco tc r 35 ppm/ c ratiometric resistor tempco 5 ppm/ c full-scale error r hl = 50k ? (max5436/max5437) -0.3 lsb zero-scale error r hl = 50k ? (max5436/max5437) +0.3 lsb full-scale error r hl = 100k ? (MAX5438/max5439) -0.15 lsb zero-scale error r hl = 100k ? (MAX5438/max5439) +0.15 lsb dc performance (variable-resistor mode) resolution 2 n 128 taps integral nonlinearity inl (note 2) 1 lsb differential nonlinearity dnl (note 2) 1 lsb dc performance (resistor characteristics) wiper resistance w r (note 3) 0.9 2 k ? wiper capacitance w c midscale 6 pf MAX5438/max5439 75 100 125 end-to-end resistance r hl max5436/max5437 37.5 50 62.5 k ? digital inputs input high voltage v cc = 4.75v to 5.25v (note 4) 2.4 v input low voltage v cc = 4.75v to 5.25v 0.8 v
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 parameter symbol conditions min typ max units input high voltage v cc = 2.7v to 3.6v 2.0 v input low voltage v cc = 2.7v to 3.6v 0.6 v input leakage current 1.0 a input capacitance 5.0 pf dynamic characteristics (analog) r hl = 50k ? , midscale, v h = 1.5v p-p , c wiper = 20pf, voltage-divider mode 400 wiper -3db bandwidth bw w r hl = 100k ? , midscale, v h = 1.5v p-p , c wiper = 20pf, voltage-divider mode 200 khz wiper settling time t il c wiper = 20pf, code 1 to code 127, settle to 0.5lsb 5s amplifier characteristics (analog) input bias current i b 15 na input offset voltage v os 6mv offset-voltage temperature drift v osd 10 v/ c input offset current i os 2na unity-gain bandwidth ubw a c load = 250pf 100 khz slew rate sr 0.25 v/s large-signal voltage gain a vo r load = 100k ? , v out = 14v 100 v/mv input noise v n f = 1khz 110 nv/ hz input compliance cmr i v ss + 1 v dd - 2 v output compliance cmr o i load = 5ma v ss + 1 v dd - 1 v dc cmrr cmrr 68 db dc psrr psrr 70 db timing characteristics (digital) (note 5, figure 3) sclk clock frequency f clk 0 10 mhz sclk clock period t cp 100 ns sclk pulse width high t ch 40 ns sclk pulse width low t cl 40 ns cs fall to sclk rise setup time t css 40 ns sclk rise to cs rise hold time t csh 10 ns din setup time t ds 40 ns din hold time t dh 0ns sclk rise to cs fall delay t cso 10 ns cs rise to sclk rise hold t cs1 40 ns cs pulse width high t csw 100 ns power supplies positive analog supply voltage v dd 0 31.5 v negative analog supply voltage v ss -28.8 0 v electrical characteristics (continued) (v dd = +15v, v ss = -15v, v cc = +5v, v h = v dd , v l = v ss , t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.)
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ electrical characteristics (continued) (v dd = +15v, v ss = -15v, v cc = +5v, v h = v dd , v l = v ss , t a = -40 c to +85 c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units analog supply separation v ds v dd - v ss 9.0 31.5 v digital supply voltage v cc 2.70 5.25 v digital supply to negative analog supply separation v cs v cc - v ss 2.7 31.5 v power-on reset threshold por 1.6 v digital supply current i cc (note 4) 30 50 a max5436/MAX5438 shdn = gnd for max5437/max5439 30 60 positive analog supply current i dd shdn = v cc 105 215 a max5436/MAX5438 shdn = gnd for max5437/max5439 55 110 negative analog supply current i ss shdn = v cc 130 250 a note 1: the dnl and inl are measured with the potentiometer configured as a voltage-divider with h = v dd and l = v ss . the wiper terminal is unloaded. note 2: the dnl and inl are measured with the potentiometer configured as a variable resistor. h is unconnected and l = v ss . the wiper terminal is driven with a source current of 80a for the 50k ? configuration and 40a for the 100k ? configuration. note 3: the wiper resistance is measured assuming the source currents given in note 2. note 4: device draws current in excess of the specified supply current when a digital input is driven with a voltage of v in < v cc - 0.6v or v in > 0.5v. this is due to the cmos input stage crowbar current. at v in = 2.4v with v cc = 5.25v, this supply current can be as high as 1.6ma. note 5: guaranteed by design and characterization.
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 w-to-l resistance change vs. input code max5436 toc04 input code resistance (k ? ) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 0128 100k ? 50k ? digital supply current vs. temperature max5436 toc05 temperature ( c) digital supply current ( a) 60 35 10 -15 15 20 25 30 35 40 10 -40 85 midscale switching transient (code 63 to code 64) max5436 toc06 100ns/div cs 2v/div v w-l 100mv/div c wiper = 20pf variable-resistor dnl vs. input code (50k ? ) max5436 toc07 input code dnl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 -0.10 0128 conditions of note 2 variable-resistor dnl vs. input code (100k ? ) max5436 toc08 input code dnl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 -0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 -0.10 0 128 conditions of note 2 -0.05 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 -0.10 variable-resistor inl vs. input code (50k ? ) max5436 toc09 input code inl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 0 128 conditions of note 2 typical operating characteristics (v dd = +15v, v ss = -15v, v cc = +5v, v h = v dd , v l = v ss , t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) wiper resistance vs. input code max5436 toc01 input code resistance ( ? ) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 875 900 925 950 975 1000 1025 1050 1075 1100 850 0128 conditions of note 2 wiper resistance vs. input code max5436 toc02 input code resistance ( ? ) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 1000 0128 v dd = +5v v ss = -5v conditions of note 2 end-to-end resistance % change vs. temperature max5436 toc03 temperature ( c) end-to-end resistance % change 60 35 -15 10 -0.20 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 -0.25 -40 85 50k ? 100k ?
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ voltage-divider inl vs. input code (50k ? ) max5436 toc13 input code inl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 -0.05 0 128 voltage-divider inl vs. input code (100k ? ) max5436 toc14 input code inl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 -0.04 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 -0.05 0 128 wiper frequency response at midscale (100k ? ) max5436 toc15 frequency (khz) gain (db) 100 10 1 0.1 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 -20 0.01 1000 v h = 1.5v p-p c wiper = 20pf amplifier small-signal frequency response max5436 toc16 frequency (khz) gain (db) 100 10 1 0.1 -15 -10 -5 0 5 -20 0.01 1000 v in = 50mv p-p unity gain amplifier output vs. output load current max5436 toc17 load current (ma) amplifier output (v) 8 6 4 2 13.996 13.997 13.998 13.999 14.000 13.995 010 v in = +13v gain setting 1.077 amplifier input-referred offset vs. temperature max5436 toc18 temperature ( c) offset (mv) 60 35 10 -15 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 -2.0 -40 85 typical operating characteristics (continued) (v dd = +15v, v ss = -15v, v cc = +5v, v h = v dd , v l = v ss , t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) voltage-divider dnl vs. input code (50k ? ) max5436 toc11 input code dnl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 -0.008 -0.006 -0.004 -0.002 0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 -0.010 0128 voltage-divider dnl vs. input code (100k ? ) max5436 toc12 input code dnl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 -0.008 -0.006 -0.004 -0.002 0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010 -0.010 0 128 variable-resistor inl vs. input code (100k ? ) max5436 toc10 input code inl (lsb) 112 96 64 80 32 48 16 0 128 -0.10 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 -0.15 -0.05 conditions of note 2
detailed description digital interface operation the max5436 max5439 use a 3-wire spi/qspi/ microwire-compatible serial data interface to control the wiper position. this write-only interface contains three inputs: chip select ( cs ), data in (din), and serial clock (sclk). when cs is taken low, data from din is synchronously loaded into the serial shift register on the rising edge of each sclk pulse (figure 2). the 8-bit data word requires 8 clock pulses to input the serial data. note that the first bit of the data word, d7, is unused and should be ignored. therefore, the second rising edge of sclk loads the msb. after all the data bits have been shifted in, they are latched into the potentiometer control register when cs transitions from low to high, the wiper position is then updated. note that if cs is not kept low during the entire data stream, the data will be corrupted and the device will need to be reloaded. applications information power-up sequencing the max5436 max5439 have been designed so that any of the supplies can turn on first without causing any unwanted crowbar currents to flow. note that both digital and analog supplies are required to power up the wiper and uncommitted amplifier (max5437/max5439 only). adjustable gain amplifier the max5436/MAX5438 are used with the max427 to make a digitally adjustable gain circuit as shown in figure 4. the normal feedback resistor is replaced with the max5436/MAX5438 in a variable-resistor configura- tion so that the gain of the circuit can be digitally con- trolled. the max5437/max5439 can use the internal high-voltage amplifier to make this digitally adjustable gain circuit. lcd biasing control applications the max5436 max5439 are ideal for lcds that require separate voltage for contrast control in addition to the main supply voltage. figure 5a shows the max5436 max5439 being used for lcd contrast control along with the max629, which provides the lcd supply voltage. a similar circuit with an additional buffer circuit is shown in figure 5b. max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 pin description pin max5436/ MAX5438 max5437/ max5439 name description 1 1 sclk serial clock input 2 2 din serial data input 33 cs chip select 4 shdn amplifier shutdown 4 5 gnd analog and digital ground 56v ss negative analog supply. bypass with a 0.1f capacitor to gnd. 7 out amplifier output 8 in- amplifier negative input 9 in+ amplifier positive input 610v dd positive analog supply. bypass with a 0.1f capacitor to gnd. 7 11 h high terminal of resistor 8 12 w wiper terminal of resistor 9 13 l low terminal of resistor 10 14 v cc digital supply. bypass with a 0.1f capacitor to gnd.
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ data word d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 don t care (msb) (lsb) first bit loaded last bit loaded figure 1. serial data format wiper position updated msb loaded sclk din msb lsb d0 d1 d2 d3 d4 d5 d6 d7 last bit loaded time cs figure 2. serial interface timing diagram sclk din t cso t css t ch t cl t ds t dh t cp t csh t cs1 t csw cs figure 3. detailed serial-interface timing diagram
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 control v batt v out (lcd bias) microcontroller/microprocessor fixed 28v in lcd panel 16v to 26v contrast adjust dc/dc converter (simplified) max5436 max5439 max629 figure 5a. simplified lcd contrast control circuit h l r1 r2 +15v -15v v s v o v o /v s = 1 + r 2 /r 1 w max5436 max5439 max427 figure 4. noninverting amplifier control v batt v out (lcd bias) microcontroller/microprocessor fixed 28v in lcd panel 16v to 26v contrast adjust dc/dc converter (simplified) max5437/ max5439 max629 figure 5b. simplified lcd contrast control circuit with buffer
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ h l out v dd v cc din sclk cs v ss w 128 decode por gnd in+ in- shdn 7 r 7-bit latch 7 r 7-bit shift register clock logic max5437/ max5439 h l v dd v cc din sclk cs v ss w 128 decode por gnd 7 r 7-bit latch 7 r 7-bit shift register clock logic max5436/ MAX5438 functional diagrams chip information transistor count: 2556 process: bicmos
max5436?ax5439 ?5v, 128-tap, low-drift digital potentiometers maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11 ? 2003 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products. package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) 10lumax.eps package outline, 10l umax/usop 1 1 21-0061 i rev. document control no. approval proprietary information title: top view front view 1 0.498 ref 0.0196 ref s 6 side view bottom view 0 0 6 0.037 ref 0.0078 max 0.006 0.043 0.118 0.120 0.199 0.0275 0.118 0.0106 0.120 0.0197 bsc inches 1 10 l1 0.0035 0.007 e c b 0.187 0.0157 0.114 h l e2 dim 0.116 0.114 0.116 0.002 d2 e1 a1 d1 min -a 0.940 ref 0.500 bsc 0.090 0.177 4.75 2.89 0.40 0.200 0.270 5.05 0.70 3.00 millimeters 0.05 2.89 2.95 2.95 - min 3.00 3.05 0.15 3.05 max 1.10 10 0.60.1 0.60.1 ?0.500.1 h 4x s e d2 d1 b a2 a e2 e1 l l1 c gage plane a2 0.030 0.037 0.75 0.95 a1 tssop4.40mm.eps

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